MODUL
VIII
TIPE
DATA (BAG. 2)
LARIK
A. TUJUAN
- Mengenal tipe
data terstruktur menggunakan larik
- Memahami larik
dimensi satu
- Memahami
penggunaan larik dalam program
B. DASAR
TEORI
Larik adalah deretan rinci data yang
mempunyai tipe data sejenis. Setiap rinci data disebut dengan komponen atau elemen larik. Setiap larik bisa
dioperasikan dengan pemilih larik yang disebut index.
Bentuk umum larik dimensi satu :
TYPE
nama_larik = array[awal
.. akhir] of tipe_data;
VAR
nama_variabel :
nama_larik;
atau
VAR nama_variabel : array of [awal .. akhir] of
tipe_data;
Gambaran larik dimensi satu adalah sebagai berikut
:
|
Data
[1]
|
Data
[2]
|
.......................
|
Data
[n-1]
|
Data
[n]
|
1 2 n-1 n <----- index
Index pada larik tergantung dari nilai awal dan akhir
pada deklarasi tipe larik. Nilai index
harus berupa bilangan bulat yang dapat dimulai pada bilangan negatif, nol atau
positif.
C. LATIHAN
SOAL
- Nomor Program 0801
Tulislah program berikut dan amatilah outputnya!
PROGRAM isilarik;
USES CRT;
TYPE
larik = array
[1..10] of integer;
VAR nilai : larik;
nilai :
integer;
BEGIN
CLRSCR;
nilai[1]:=3;
nilai[2]:=2*nilai[1];
nilai[3]:=2;
nilai[4]:=nilai[1]+nilai[2];
nilai[5]:=nilai[4];
nilai[6]:=nilai[nilai[1]];
nilai[7]:=nilai[2] – nilai[4];
nilai[8]:=23;
nilai[9]:=nilai[3+4];
nilai[10]:=nilai[9];
FOR i := 1 to 10
do
WRITELN(‘Nilai
index ke- ‘,i,’ = ‘,nilai[i]:5);
READLN;
END.
- Nomor Program : -
Lengkapilah tabel larik berikut dengan
memperhatikan statement di atasnya :
a[1] :=
5;
a[2] :=
4 – nilai[1];
a[3] :=
0;
a[4] :=
nilai[2];
a[5] :=
nilai[4-nilai[3]];
a[6] :=
nilai[nilai[1]-2];
a[7] :=
nilai[1] * nilai[];
a[8] :=
nilai[2];
a[9] :=
nilai[3+4];
a[10]
:= 9;
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1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
10
- Nomor Program 0802
Buatlah larik dengan kapasitas 10 ruang. Gunakan
tipe data string[30] untuk larik tersebut. Kemudian, isilah
masing-masing ruang dalam larik dengan nama-nama teman anda. Buatlah program
dengan ketentuan tersebut dan jangan lupa tampilkan isi larik yang berupa
nama-nama anda tersebut.
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- Nomor Program 0803
Buatlah larik string dengan kapasitas 12 ruang.
Isilah masing-masing ruang data dengan nama-nama bulan. Kemudian buatlah
program untuk menampilkan hasil sebagai berikut :
Tulis bulan ke- : 2 ß angka 2 diinputkan oleh user
Bulan ke-2 adalah FEBRUARI
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- Nomor Program 0804
1.
Tulislah
program berikut dan amatilah outputnya!
PROGRAM rata_rata_nilai;
USES CRT;
TYPE
larik =
array[1..100] of real;
VAR nilai : larik;
total : real;
i, jml_mhs :
integer;
BEGIN
CLRSCR;
total:=0;
WRITE(‘Berapa
jumlah mahasiswa? ‘); READLN(jml_mhs);
FOR i := 1 to
jml_mhs DO
BEGIN
WRITE(‘Masukkan nilai ke- ‘,i,’ ‘);
READLN(nilai[i]);
total:=total+nilai[i];
END;
WRITE(‘Nilai
rata-rata dari ‘,jml_mhs,’ adalah ‘,total/jml_mhs);
READLN;
END.
2.
Modifikasilah
program di atas sehingga rata-ratanya ditampilkan dengan 2 digit angka di
belakang koma.
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- Nomor Program 0805
Buatlah larik dengan tipe data integer yang akan
menampung nilai praktikum 10 mahasiswa. Namailah larik ini sebagai larik_nilai. Buatlah 1 larik lagi
dengan jenis dan isi yang sama seperti nomor program 0802 dan namailah dengan larik_nama. Ketentuannya adalah : pada larik_nilai, index-1 adalah nilai dari
nama yang tercantum pada larik_nama.
Begitu juga pada index-2, adalah nilai dari nama yang tercantum pada larik_nama pada index-2 dan begitu
seterusnya. Maka buatlah program untuk menampilkan nama-nama dan nilainya serta
nilai rata-rata dari keseluruhan nilai. Contoh output :
Daftar Nilai Praktikum Pascal
Andi 80
Bambang 75
Basuki 80
Cahyono 60
Dadang 85
Endah 80
Gara 90
Naruto 85
Sakura 90
Sasuke 100
Nilai rata-rata adalah 82.50
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- Nomor Program 0806
Buatlah program yang akan mencari :
a.
rata-rata
dari 10 bilangan yang diinputkan
b.
nilai
maksimum dari bilangan tersebut, serta menyebutkan pada urutan ke berapa nilai
tersebut
c.
nilai minimum
dari 10 bilangan tersebut, serta menyebutkan pada urutan ke berapa nilai
tersebut
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- Nomor Program 0807
Buatlah sebuah larik dengan kapasitas 100 ruang
data yang bertipe data integer. Isilah nilai larik pada index ke-1 dan index
ke-2 dengan bilangan 1. Larik ini akan mengisi index ke-3 dan seterusnya
berdasarkan penjumlahan pada dua buah bilangan sebelumnya, sehingga menjadi
sebuah deret yang dinamakan dengan deret Fibonacci. Kemudian tampilkan deret
tersebut!
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