MODUL XI
PERULANGAN
DENGAN
REPEAT ... UNTIL ...
A. TUJUAN
- Memahami
statement perulangan dengan repeat ... until ... dalam Pascal
- Memahami proses
perulangan dengan jumlah yang tidak diketahui
- Mampu
mengaplikasikan proses perulangan dalam program Pascal
B. DASAR
TEORI
Bentuk umum dari REPEAT ... UNTIL
... adalah sebagai berikut :
|
REPEAT
Statement1;
Statement2;
...
UNTIL (ekspresi
logika)
Blok perulangan dalam repeat until
tidak memerlukan BEGIN dan END sebagai tanda bagian yang diulang, sebab repeat
until itu sendiri sudah menjadi pembatas bagian yang diulang.
Cara kerja perulangan repeat until
adalah mula-mula blok perulangan dilaksanakan. Setelah itu baru ekspresi logika
dicek. Apabila ekspresi logika SALAH atau FALSE, maka blok perulangan
dikerjakan. Apabila ekspresi logika bernilai BENAR atau TRUE, maka blok
perulangan tidak dikerjakan lagi.
C. LATIHAN
SOAL
- Nomor Program 1101
a.
Tulislah
program berikut ini dan amatilah outputnya!
PROGRAM repeat_until;
USES CRT;
VAR i : integer;
BEGIN
CLRSCR;
i := 3;
REPEAT
WRITELN(i:10);
INC(i);
UNTIL (i <
10);
READLN;
END.
b.
Jika
statement i := 3; diganti
menjadi i := 30; dan
statement INC(i); diganti
menjadi DEC(i);
bagaimana outputnya?
Keterangan : fungsi DEC(i) berguna untuk mengurangi nilai variabel dengan 1.
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- Nomor Program 1102
a.
Tulislah
program berikut dan amatilah outputnya!
PROGRAM tebakan;
USES CRT;
VAR bilangan, tebak : integer;
BEGIN
CLRSCR;
RANDOMIZE;
bilangan :=
random(10) + 1;
WRITELN(‘Saya
memiliki sebuah bilangan antara 1-10. Coba tebak! ‘);
REPEAT
WRITE(‘Tebakan
anda adalah : ‘); READLN(tebak);
IF tebak
<> bilangan THEN
WRITELN(‘Tebakan salah. Coba tebak lagi.’)
ELSE
WRITELN(‘Kamu
is the best. Tebakanmu tepat.’);
UNTIL (tebak =
bilangan);
READLN;
END.
Program di atas menggunakan prosedur randomize yang berguna untuk menghasilkan bibit bilangan
random atau acak. Bilangan acak tersebut nanti dihasilkan oleh fungsi random(10). Fungsi random(10) akan menghasilkan bilangan bulat acak dari 0 s.d.
9.
b.
Modifikasilah
program di atas untuk menebak tanggal lahir. Nilai tanggal tentunya dimulai
dari angka 1 s.d. 31. Petunjuk : gunakan fungsi random() dengan nilai variabel yang sesuai.
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- Nomor Program 1103
Buatlah program untuk menampilkan bilangan genap
sempai nilai tertentu yang diinputkan. Contoh output :
Masukkan
bilangan tertinggi : 11 ß 11
diinput oleh user
Deret
bilangan genap : 0 2 4 6 8 10
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- Nomor Program 1104
Sama dengan nomor program 1103, tetapi untuk
menampilkan deret bilangan ganjil.
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- Nomor Program 1105
Sama dengan nomor program 1103, tetapi untuk
menampilkan deret bilangan fibonacci.
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- Nomor Program 1106
Modifikasilah soal 1102 untuk menentukan berapa
kali anda telah menebak sampai anda menebak dengan benar.
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- Nomor Program 1107
Modifikasilah soal 1105 untuk menentukan jumlah
total dari deret tersebut. Contoh output :
Masukkan
nilai tertinggi : 15
Deret
Fibonacci : 1 1 2 3 5 8 13
Jumlah
total : 33
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- Nomor Program 1108
Buatlah program untuk menjumlahkan bilangan genap
dari 1 s.d. 100!
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- Nomor Program 1109
Buatlah program untuk menjumlahkan bilangan ganjil
dari 1 s.d. 100!
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